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Israel
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Genocide — systematic destruction of Palestinian group in Gaza
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16 Sep 2025
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10/10
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Yes
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The UN Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied
Palestinian Territory concluded on 16 September 2025 that Israel has
committed genocide against Palestinians in the Gaza Strip. The Commission
found four genocidal acts: killing members of the group, causing serious
bodily and mental harm, deliberately inflicting conditions calculated to
bring about physical destruction, and imposing measures to prevent births.
At least 20,179 Palestinian children were killed between October 2023 and
October 2025. Israel has not cooperated with any UN investigation. ICC
arrest warrants have been issued for senior Israeli officials. Palestinians
fleeing Gaza are entitled to refugee protection under the 1951 Refugee
Convention as persons fleeing genocide.
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United Kingdom
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Refoulement — removal to unsafe third country
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15 Mar 2023
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8/10
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Yes
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The Safety of Rwanda (Asylum and Immigration) Act 2024 and associated
policies sought to remove asylum seekers to Rwanda regardless of their
individual circumstances, in direct violation of the non-refoulement
principle under Article 33 of the 1951 Refugee Convention. The UK
Supreme Court ruled in November 2023 that Rwanda was not a safe third
country. Both Acts have since been repealed by the Border Security,
Asylum and Immigration Act 2025.
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